Apparatus for separating granular admixtures from clay and like plastic substances.



' M. BOHN. APPARATUS FOR SEPARATING GRANULAR ADMIXTURES FROM CLAY AND LIKE ELASTIC SUBSTANCES.

APPLICATION FILED SEPT. 29, 1910.

Patented July 23, 1912.

4 SHEETS-SHEET 1.

7/1572 ems es.

a ffa 7'71? M, BOH'Ni APPARATUS FOR SEPARATING GRANULAR ADMIXTUBES FRt'Hvi CLAY AND 1 1KB PLASTIC SUBSTANCES APPLICATION FILED bElT 2?, 1010, 1,033,377. Patented July 23, 1912.

W2 [72 ewes? M. BOHN.

APPAEATUS FOB SBPARATING GRANULAR ADMIXTURES PROM CLAY AND LIKE PLASTIC SUBSTANCES.

APPLEGATION FILED SEPT.2Q 1910. l Patented July 23,1912.

4 SHEBTS*SHEET 3.

Fl 7 i A0 5 L. BOHN.

APPARATUS FOR SEPARATING GRAMMAR ADMIXTURES FROM CLAY AND LIKE PLASTIC SUBSTANCES.

APPLICATION FILED SEPT. 29, 1310v l,Q33,377. Patented July 23,1912

4 SHEETS-SHEET 4.

W z'lf zess ess Inventor.

"teed mechan racrnu'r OFFICE.

A GYKIKI N DA, AU$TRIA-HUNGARY.

SEIMZTQATKNG GKAJJULAR ADMIXTURES FROM CLAY AND LIKE PLASTIC SUBSTANCES.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented July 23, 1912.

Application. filed. September 29, 1919. Serial No. 584,389.

have

at Nagylzih Eda. ii invented a certain incur biustria l'iuuuaryg Hiiki i i H] ,t Miniatur Sub tance ecit limit.

This iuverion reiates to apparatus for scparatiiur grauuivr admixtures from clay an like pla ic substance wherein the 'ticieacy of t i apparatu is increaeed by providing a. main sifting appliance w..ich dischargthe s m itar matter with resii ual plastic on i inn; uii ausiiiary cleansing apparatt either dircctiy or through a connecting duet. t to provide the main and auxiliary using or itting appliances with a warm or tu'opcllcr whereby the clay or iikc materials may be continumisly forced into wilt-act with the sieves of the cleansing appliances and with the ircumtcrential edges of the blades or vanes of the feeding mechanism.

The invention further consists in provid ing the blades with radially movable scrap-- ers which are thrust outwardly by gravity and by the back pressure of the work, as hereinafter describ d and claimed.

Several con trsutions embodying these improvements are shown in' the annexed drawings,

Figure 1 a sidc-eieyation of the apparatus, showing one form of auxiliary cleansing appliance. and Fig. 2 a similar view, showing another form of auxiliary appliance. Fig. 3 shows another modification. of the auxiliary appliance alone. Figs. 4 to 6 show one form of the improved propeller. Fig. 4' being an elevation, with portions of the scrapers broken away. Fig. 5 axial View, partly lnoken away, and Fig. 6 section of half of Fig. 5 on the. lin'e A B and on a larger scale. Figs. '4' and R show another f rm of the propeller. Fig. 7 being an elevation partly in section, Fig.8 an axial view. Fig. 9 is a longitudinal sectional View through a part oi Fig. 1, showing the rm within the auxiliary cleansing appliain and Fig. id is a longitudinal sectional ViPW through ill? auxiliary cleansing applianw oi: Fig. ug iless la the. follow ription lay wiil be 1 wea r reduced.

referred to as the substance treated in the apparatus.

Referring in the first place to Fig. 1, the part 1 is a hopper into which the crude clay is fed, and from which the clay is conveyed into the perforated cylinder 2 by a Worm or cw-propeller not shown in the figure. it .ie' peripheral part of the Worm is in contact with the inner surface of the cylinder 2,-

so that said surface is continuously scraped durinu: the rotation of the worm, the perforatioi being by this means kept clear. The sieves. p rforated plates or rwire-nets torming the, wall or parts of the wall of the cylinder are referably made adjustable to allow of compensating: for wear. The worm squeezes the greater part of the clay through the perforated cylinder-wall, but the latter retains the stones and other granular matter, together with some clay adhering thereto. and this granular matter and residual clay are forced by the wbrm into a perforated adjunct 3 of the cylinder. This adjunct preferably conical, and as shown in Figs. 9 and 10 it contains an extension of the worm operating in the cylinder 2, but it is obvious that the worm may be separately driven and operated at .a difi'erent speed. in the cone 3 may baeifectedsolely by the pressure of the incoming granular material, but it is preferred to employ the worm operating within the extension, for the reason that the worm feeds the material positi rely through said extension and into contact with the perforated wall thereof. The cone 3 is joined to the cylinder by devices adapted to maintain a continuous connection.

The advantage of the auxiliary sifting appliance 3 is that there is a -continuous discharge of granular matter from the principal sifting appliance 2, instead of an accumulation liable to produce excessive backpressure. By this means the efliciency of the machine is greatly increased, and the In the modification shown ,inFig. 2 the main sifting apparatus has a non perfo- "rated conical adjunct 5 joined to a nonpt-ri oratttl cylinder} 6, the latter being joined to*an auxiliary sifting' apparatus 7, which dist-har er; the granular matter into a chamber 8 having an aperture 4 for re- Manifestly. the siftang operation moval of the granular matter. A branched water-pipe 9 is joined to the parts 5 and 6, so that the granular matter and adhering clay can be wetted by water under pressure during passage from the main sifter to the auxiliai sifter.

It is ot essential that the auxiliary sifter is of smaller and the invention is notrestricted to the use of'any particular type of auxiliarycleansing appli nce, the essential feature of this part of the invention being that the main sifter discharges into an auxiliary cleansing appliance.

Fig. 3 shows a modification of the auxiliary sifter 7,'consisting of a cylinder with longitudinal slots.

Fi 4 to 6 show a propeller, for forcing the c ay into and through the sifters, with means for maintaining continuous contact between the sieves and the circumferential edges of the blades. Such continuity of contact is highly essential to the proper workin of the apparatus, since otherwise the he es become clogged, necessitating frequent removal and cleansin of the sieves, and the wear of the latter an the worm or propeller tends to destroy the contact.

In Figs. 4 to 6, 10 represents the propeller shaft, with helical blades 11 fixed thereto. These blades have at their edges flanged scrapers 12 connected to the blades by screwed studs 14 the shanks of which worlr loosely in radial slots 13 in the blades, so that said scrapers have radial movement relatively to the shaft. The wei ht of the scrapers (if the shaft is verticafi and the back-pressure of the work on the inner surfaces 17 of the flanges, thrust the scrapers outwardagainst the sieves 15, and by this means the sieve-holes 16 are efficiently cleared. Thelslots 13 are of suflicient length to enabli! contact to continue after normal wear of the sieves and scrapers. The flanges of the scrapers are not essential, but have the advantage of serving as guides for separated stones and the like, and also of deflecting the stones from the sieves, so that wear of the latter is reduced. This deflecting effect may be increased. by giving the flanges a tapered edge, as indicated at 18, in Fig. 6. Other means than studs and holes or slots may be used for connecting the scrapers to the blades so that the former have radial movement.

It is clear that considerable freedom of movement of the scrapers is desirable, in order to prevent liability of jamming. In the modification shown in Figs. 7 and 8 the freedom of movement is increased by the shape of the blades 11, which have perfectly flat surfaces on which the scrapers 12 are slidable. In this modification the scrapers are shown without flanges, but they may have flanges, as in Figs. 4 to 6. On the flat diameter than the main sifter,

surfaces of the blades in Figs. 7 and 8 the scrapers are less liable to bind than on the curved surface of an ordinary'helical blade.

What I claim as my invention and desire to secure by Letters Patent of the United States is:-

1. In an apparatlis for separating granular admixtures from plastic matter, the combination of a main sifting appliance, an auxiliary sifting appliance the dimensions of which are less than those of the main sifting appliance, means for continuously discharg ing separated granular matter and residual plastic matter from the main sifting appliance to the auxiliary sifting appliance, and means positioned within said auxiliary sifting appliance for feeding the material through it and forcing said material into contact with the walls of said anxiliary sift ing a pliance.

2. 11 an apparatus for separating granular admixtures from plastic matter, the combination of a main perforated sifting appliance with an auxiliary perforated sifting appliance, a duct, the Walls of which are imperforate, positioned intermediate the main and auxiliary appliances and in direct axial communication therewith, means for continuously discharging the separated granular matter and residual plastic matter from the main sifting appliance to the auxiliary sifting appliance, and means for feeding the material through and forcing it into contact with the walls of the auxiliary cleansing appliance.

3. In an apparatus for separating granular admixtures from plastic niatter, a main sifting appliance, an auxiliary sifting appliance cooperating with said main sifting appliance, a ductithe walls of which are imperforate, said duct being positioned between said main and auxiliary appliances, means for continuously discharging separated granular and residual plastic matter from the main sifting appliance to the auxiliary sifting appliance, means for moistening the material within said duct, and a screw with in said main and auxiliary siftinlt appliances, said screw cooperating with the walls of the sifting appliances to force the material therethrough and into contact with the walls thereof.

4. In an apparatus for separating granular admixtures from plastic matter, the coinbinat on with a receptacle having a perforated wall, and a propeller, of a scraper loosely mounted for radial movement on said propeller, said scraper being exposed to the ack pressure of the material under treatment and adapted to be forced thereby into contact with the perforated wall of the receptacle.

5. In an apparatus for separating granular admixtures from plastic matter, the combination with a perforated receptacle, and

a worm or propeller, of a plurality of radially movable scrapers attached to the blades of said worm or propeller, said scrapers being provided with pressure surfaces positioned rearwardly of the surfaces having contact with the perforated walls, said pressure surfaces being exposed to the back pressure of material under treatment in said receptacle whereby the scrapers are automatically movedtinto engagement with the walls of the recei cle.

6. In an 'g' paratus for separating granular admixtures from plastic matter, the combination of a sifting appliance, and means for continuously discharging separated granular matter and residual plastic matter from said sifting appliance, said means comprising a worm 0r propeller having blades with flat front surfaces and radially movable flanged scrapers on said surfaces, said flanges contac img with the perforated wall of the sifting "ppliance and exposed to the back pressure" of the material under treatment, whereby the scrapers are automatically moved into engagement with the sifting appliance.

7. In an apparatus for separating granular admixtures from plastic matter, the combination of a substantially cylindrical screen and means for continuously discharging separated granular matturfrom said screen, said means comprising a propeller having radially movable scrapers mounted on the front surface thereof, said scrapers being provided with sharp-edged forward flanges which cooperate with the perfdrated walls of the sifting appliances, whereby the back pressure of the material will thrust the scrapers into engagement with the perforated walls.

8. In an apparatus for separating granular admixtures from plastic matter, a receptacle provided with perforated walls, a feed screw or propeller contained within said receptacle, scrapers connected loosely to the propeller or feed screws, each scraper havmg a surface positioned for contact with the perforated wall of the rece tacle, and said scraper being provided a so with a curved surface, which curved surface is exposed to the back pressure of the material under treatment, whereby the scrapers are forced automatically into contact with the perforated wall of the receptacle.

9. In an apparatus for separating granular admixtures from plastic matter, the combination of a main sifting appliance, the walls of which are perforated, an auxiliary sifting appliance the capacity of which is less than that of the main sifting appliance, the walls of said auxiliary sifting appliance being perforated, an imperforate duct ositioned between the main sifting appliance and the auxiliary sifting appliance, feed de-' vices operating within the'main sifting appliance and the auxiliary sifting appliance,

and means for supplyin liquid to the material within the imper orate duct between the two sifting appliances.

In witness whereof I have signed this specification in the presence of two witnesses.

MICHAEL. BOHN.

Witnesses J osm'n WIEKMANN, Haven Kmu'mr. 

